The analysis of notched composite parts in structure due to the existence of high stress concentration and undetermined behavior is an exigent issue. In this research, the progressive DAMAGE analysis has been applied to predict the failure of notched woven glass-epoxy composite laminates under tensile loading. Stress analysis and investigation of the effect of the hole size on it have been performed by the analytical and numerical methods. Developing UMAT in the ABAQUS finite element package has made the utilization of the 3D progressive DAMAGE analysis feasible. Max. Stress, Yamada-Sun and Tsai-Wu failure criterions have been implemented to predict the DAMAGE initiation due to the absence of significant failure criteria for woven composites. Instantaneous and recursive property degradation methods have been used to simulate the DAMAGE propagation. The tensile CHARACTERISTIC distance has been computed without any experiments. The comparison of stress and failure analysis with experimental results shows good agreement. Finally, using tensile CHARACTERISTIC length obtained by progressive DAMAGE method, the possibility of safety factor determination in the composite joints for optimum design has been provided.

One of the most important forest trees in the south of Kerman, which plays an important role in the region's ecosystem and beekeeping industry and is infected by wood-eating beetles, is Prosopis cineraria. These trees are an important habitat for various animals and refreshing the hot air of the south. In the sampling conducted during 1401-1400 from the mesquite forests of southern Kerman (Ghaleganj, Faryab, Anbarabad), the wood-eating beetle Xylopertha reflexicauda (Bostrichidae) was collected for the first time from Prosopis cineraria trees and is identified. The species of wood-eating beetle was identified by reliable scientific sources and was finally confirmed by Mr. Dr. Len Yu Liu. This species was first identified and described by Lesne in 1937. Due to the lack of water and recent droughts and the weakness of Iranian mesquite trees, the larvae of this beetle are active inside the trunk and bark of mesquite trees and feed on the wood and bark of tree trunks and cause great DAMAGE to Prosopis cineraria trees.

In this paper, the capabilities of displacement curvature derived from static response data for finding the location and severity of DAMAGE in Euler-Bernoulli beams are assessed.Static response of a beam is obtained using the finite element modeling. In order to reduce the number of measured nodal displacements, the beam deflection is fitted through a polynomial function using a limited number of nodal displacements. An indicator based on displacement curvature obtained for healthy and DAMAGEd structure is utilized to identify the DAMAGE. The influence of many parameters may affect the efficiency of the method such as the number of elements, the value and location of applied load as well as noise effect is investigated. Two test examples including a simply supported and a cantilever beam are considered.Numerical results show that using the method, the locations of single and multiple DAMAGE cases having different CHARACTERISTICs can be well determined.

Legend is a tale with an imaginary event of the life of the human, animals, birds, illusory creatures like demon, giants, fairy and dragon which accompanies by mysteries and sometimes the ethical and deductive aims and mostly is being written for reader’s entertainment and recreation. The differentiation of the legends is powerful imagination and being exaggerated. There are several kinds of legends like allegorical, fairy, romantic and heroic ones. In this paper while defining the heroic legends, we become acquainted with the CHARACTERISTICs of this genre like marvel, weak plot, absolutism, mainstreaming, stagnation of hypothetical time and place, homology of characters, Surprising, independence of events and obsolescence. Final section speaks about the most important themes of these kinds of tales. The method of this paper is reading the 23 written legends and using them as examples and the aim of paper is showing the detailed CHARACTERISTIC of heroic legends to compare them with other kinds of legends.

This essay is a note on a stylistic speciality of Ghabous Nama that is, making pleasant maxims with the centrality of term “Dovvom” (the second). This speciality among the precursors and late comers is apparently restricted to O’nsor al Ma’ali and because of this intimacy and rarity has a multiplied worth. Inspite of rareness, this repetitious structure has been such accepted by the Persians temper that some parts of its samples have been mentioned as recurrent maxims in Maxims and Wise Sayings of defunct Dehkhoda.

Coronavirus beta 2 started infecting people from china in fall 2019. It did not take a long time to spread worldwide and take many victims and cause many deaths. . . .